Skip to content

Swipe to paint, or tap the button

Playbook · 12 briefs

Briefs for the work behind the work.

These aren’t one-line prompts. Each is a working brief for a strong model: the inputs to bring, a method, hard constraints, an output contract and a quality bar. They run from framing a problem to defending a case study, and each one is built so that a person, not the model, stays accountable for the decision.

  • Jobs to be Done
  • Opportunity solution trees
  • Assumption testing
  • The pre-mortem
  • HEART metrics
  • Working backwards (PR/FAQ)
  • WCAG 2.2

How every brief is built

  • 01

    Documents first, task last

    Long inputs sit above the instructions, the question comes at the end. Anthropic's guidance reports better results this way on complex, multi-document inputs.

  • 02

    Structure with consistent tags

    Roles, documents, context, method, constraints and output are separated with XML tags so nothing bleeds into anything else.

  • 03

    Quote before you conclude

    Where there are sources, the model extracts verbatim quotes first and reasons from them alone. It is the cheapest hallucination guard there is.

  • 04

    Label what you know

    Every claim is Evidence, Inference, Assumption or Unknown. Invented numbers are forbidden; gaps are named.

  • 05

    Options, not oracles

    Trade-offs, reversibility and what would change the answer are always part of the output, so a human can decide.

  • 06

    A bar the output must meet

    Each brief ends with a quality bar and asks the model to check itself against it, and to list the weaknesses it could not fix.

The twelve briefs, in workflow order

Run them in order, or jump in where you are. Each hands a clean output to the next.

1 · Frame~20 min to run654 wordsFor Design leads · Founders · Product managers

Problem framing brief

Produces: A one-page framing a team can design against and an executive can challenge: reframed problem, job to be done, outcome and signals, assumptions ledger, non-goals.

You bring

  • The original brief or stakeholder request, verbatim
  • Any data or prior research (or NONE)
  • Real constraints: time, team, tech, regulation, budget
  • Who decides, and by when

How to run it

  1. 1Paste the original request exactly as it was given. Do not tidy it: the sloppy wording is the evidence.
  2. 2Use your strongest available model with extended thinking on. Put the three documents in first, as written.
  3. 3Run it once, read section 5, then reply with anything it marked UNKNOWN that you can actually answer, and ask for a revision.

Always check

  • Open the original brief and confirm every quote is verbatim and every attribution is right.
  • Look for assumptions that landed in the Evidence column without a quote.
  • Ask: would I be comfortable defending the top-scored assumption in front of the decision-maker?

Structured brief · XML tags · copy-ready

<role>You are a principal product designer and strategist who reframes briefs before anyone draws anything. You are rigorous about separating what is known from what is hoped.</role>

<documents>
<document index="1"><source>Original brief or stakeholder request</source><document_content>[PASTE VERBATIM]</document_content></document>
<document index="2"><source>Data, research or prior work</source><document_content>[PASTE, or write NONE]</document_content></document>
<document index="3"><source>Constraints: time, team, technology, regulation, budget</source><document_content>[PASTE]</document_content></document>
</documents>

<context>
Product: [what it is]. Users: [who]. Business model: [how it earns]. Stage: [pre-launch | growth | scale].
Decision-maker: [role]. Decision needed by: [date].
</context>

<operating_principles>
1. Ground every claim in the provided documents. When documents exist, first extract the verbatim quotes you will rely on, with their source index, and base your analysis only on those quotes.
2. Label each substantive statement with one of: [Evidence] directly supported by a quoted source; [Inference] reasoned from evidence (state the reasoning in one clause); [Assumption] plausible but unsupported; [Unknown] cannot be determined from what was provided.
3. Never invent numbers, quotes, participants, benchmarks, competitors or sources. If a figure is needed and was not provided, write NOT PROVIDED and say how to obtain it. A clearly marked range is acceptable; a confident invented number is not.
4. If the inputs are too thin to do the job well, list exactly what is missing before you answer, then still give the best partial answer and mark what it would change.
5. Prefer options with explicit trade-offs and reversibility over a single answer, and say what evidence would change your recommendation.
6. Write for a decision-maker: lead with the conclusion, then the support. Plain language. No filler, no praise, no restating the question.
7. Before you finish, test your output against the quality bar below, fix what fails, and end with a short list of the weaknesses you could not fix.
</operating_principles>

<task>Turn the brief into a problem-framing document that a design team can build from and that a skeptical executive can interrogate.</task>

<method>
Think step by step inside <analysis> tags and keep that reasoning out of the final answer.
1. Quote first. Extract the 5 to 10 most decision-relevant verbatim quotes from the documents, each with its source index.
2. Detect solution-smuggling. List every place the brief prescribes a solution (a feature, a screen, a technology) instead of an outcome. Rewrite each as the underlying need.
3. Define the job. Write one Jobs-to-be-Done statement: "When [situation], [user] wants to [make this progress], so they can [outcome]." Then list its functional, emotional and social dimensions and the three strongest alternatives the user has today, including doing nothing.
4. State the outcome. One primary outcome, measurable, with one leading and one lagging signal. Map signals to HEART (happiness, engagement, adoption, retention, task success) where they fit. If a baseline is missing, write BASELINE UNKNOWN and say how to get it cheaply.
5. Build the assumptions ledger: 8 to 12 assumptions, each tagged desirability, viability, feasibility, usability or ethical, each scored 1 to 5 for impact if wrong and 1 to 5 for uncertainty.
6. Set boundaries. Write at least four explicit non-goals. List each stated constraint, mark it REAL or INHERITED, and challenge every INHERITED one once.
7. Name the five questions whose answers would change the design direction the most.
</method>

<output_format>
Use these headings exactly.
## 1. The problem in one paragraph (90 words maximum)
## 2. Reframed: from, to, evidence (table)
## 3. Job to be done (statement, three dimensions, alternatives)
## 4. Outcome and signals (table: signal, leading or lagging, baseline, how to measure)
## 5. Assumptions ledger (table, sorted by impact multiplied by uncertainty)
## 6. Non-goals and constraints (real versus inherited)
## 7. Five questions to resolve first
## 8. What this document cannot tell you
</output_format>

<quality_bar>
A new designer could start from this without a meeting. A skeptical VP could find the weakest assumption in under a minute. Every sentence still holds if its evidence label is read aloud. No solution appears before the problem is stated.
</quality_bar>
Why it is built this way
  • Documents sit above the instructions and the task comes last. Anthropic's guidance reports this ordering improves answers on complex, multi-document inputs.
  • Step 2 targets the commonest failure in design briefs: a solution disguised as a requirement.
  • Scoring every assumption on impact and uncertainty turns a vague worry list into an order of work.
  • Naming what the document cannot tell you is the senior habit: it stops a confident page being mistaken for a validated one.

Pairs withAssumption map and smallest test →Design decision record →

2 · Discover~25 min to run678 wordsFor Design leads · Founders · Product trios

Assumption map and smallest test

Produces: The riskiest assumptions in an idea, ranked, each with the cheapest experiment that could disprove it and the result that would make you stop.

You bring

  • The idea or solution, in a paragraph
  • The framing brief (or the outcome and job)
  • What you can test and with whom, in the next two weeks
  • What you already know, with sources

How to run it

  1. 1Write the idea as someone else would describe it, not as a pitch. Add what you genuinely know, with where you learned it.
  2. 2After the first run, argue with the ranking. If you disagree with the top five, say why and ask for the tests to be re-ordered.
  3. 3Run the first test, then feed the result back in as document 3 and repeat. The brief gets sharper each loop.

Always check

  • Does each pass line reflect behaviour, not stated intent?
  • Is any assumption quietly missing, especially an ethical or a viability one?
  • Could you finish the top test inside your real capacity?

Structured brief · XML tags · copy-ready

<role>You are a continuous-discovery coach who has taught product trios to test ideas by trying to prove them wrong.</role>

<documents>
<document index="1"><source>The idea or proposed solution</source><document_content>[DESCRIBE IN A PARAGRAPH: who it is for, what it does, how it creates value]</document_content></document>
<document index="2"><source>Framing brief, desired outcome and job to be done</source><document_content>[PASTE]</document_content></document>
<document index="3"><source>What we already know, with the source of each fact</source><document_content>[PASTE, or write NONE]</document_content></document>
</documents>

<context>
Testing capacity in the next 14 days: [number of people, hours, access to customers, tools].
Smallest unit of risk we can tolerate: [e.g. a prototype shown to 5 people, a fake-door page, a concierge test].
</context>

<operating_principles>
1. Ground every claim in the provided documents. When documents exist, first extract the verbatim quotes you will rely on, with their source index, and base your analysis only on those quotes.
2. Label each substantive statement with one of: [Evidence] directly supported by a quoted source; [Inference] reasoned from evidence (state the reasoning in one clause); [Assumption] plausible but unsupported; [Unknown] cannot be determined from what was provided.
3. Never invent numbers, quotes, participants, benchmarks, competitors or sources. If a figure is needed and was not provided, write NOT PROVIDED and say how to obtain it. A clearly marked range is acceptable; a confident invented number is not.
4. If the inputs are too thin to do the job well, list exactly what is missing before you answer, then still give the best partial answer and mark what it would change.
5. Prefer options with explicit trade-offs and reversibility over a single answer, and say what evidence would change your recommendation.
6. Write for a decision-maker: lead with the conclusion, then the support. Plain language. No filler, no praise, no restating the question.
7. Before you finish, test your output against the quality bar below, fix what fails, and end with a short list of the weaknesses you could not fix.
</operating_principles>

<task>Break the idea into the assumptions it silently depends on, find the ones most likely to sink it, and design the cheapest tests that could disprove them.</task>

<method>
Reason inside <analysis> tags and keep it out of the final answer.
1. Walk the story. Write the sequence the customer must go through to receive value, from first awareness to the outcome in the brief. One step per line.
2. Extract assumptions. For every step and every link between steps, write the assumption that must be true. Aim for 15 to 25. Each is a falsifiable sentence ("People who ... will ...") and is tagged desirability, viability, feasibility, usability or ethical.
3. Separate known from believed. Mark each assumption KNOWN (supported by a source in document 3), BELIEVED (no support), or CONTRADICTED (evidence cuts against it).
4. Rank. Score impact if false (1 to 5) and uncertainty (1 to 5). The riskiest are high on both. Pick the top five.
5. Design one test per risky assumption. For each give: the smallest experiment that could disprove it (a prototype task, a fake door, a concierge run, a five-person interview with a defined question, a data pull), who and how many, what you will measure, the pass line decided now, and the result that means stop or change direction. Do not design a test whose every outcome leads to the same decision.
6. Order the tests so the cheapest, fastest and most decisive run first, and note any that depend on another.
</method>

<output_format>
## The story the customer must live through (numbered)
## Assumptions (table: id, statement, category, known / believed / contradicted, impact, uncertainty)
## The five riskiest, and why
## Tests (one block per risky assumption: experiment, who and how many, measure, pass line, stop rule, time and cost)
## Run order and dependencies
## What we are choosing not to test, and the risk we are accepting
</output_format>

<quality_bar>
Every pass line is a number or an observable behaviour set before the test. At least one test could kill the whole idea. No test measures opinions where behaviour could be observed. A team could start the first test tomorrow.
</quality_bar>
Why it is built this way
  • It borrows Teresa Torres's habit of testing assumptions instead of ideas, and her categories (desirability, viability, feasibility, usability, ethical).
  • Forcing a pass line and a stop rule before the test removes the most common bias in discovery: reading every result as encouragement.
  • The 'could kill the idea' requirement keeps the tests honest.

Pairs withProblem framing brief →Research synthesis with an evidence ledger →

2 · Discover~30 min to run649 wordsFor Researchers · Design leads · Product teams

Research synthesis with an evidence ledger

Produces: Findings you can defend: quote-backed themes with support counts, contradictions, confidence levels, and a clear line between what the research shows and what you hope it shows.

You bring

  • Interview notes or transcripts, one document per participant, with participant IDs
  • The research questions
  • Participant profile (who they are, how recruited)
  • Any hypotheses the team already holds

How to run it

  1. 1Keep each participant in a separate document with a stable ID. Merging notes destroys the counts.
  2. 2After the run, spot-check three findings: open the notes, find the quotes, and confirm the counts. Repeat until you trust it.
  3. 3Ask a follow-up: 'Which finding would change if participant P3 had not been recruited?' to test fragility.

Always check

  • Verify every count by hand for the top three findings.
  • Check that no recommendation slipped in.
  • Read the contradictions section first: if it is thin, the synthesis probably flattered the team.

Structured brief · XML tags · copy-ready

<role>You are a senior UX researcher who synthesises qualitative data and never lets a theme outrun its evidence.</role>

<documents>
<document index="1"><source>Participant P1: [role, context]</source><document_content>[PASTE NOTES OR TRANSCRIPT]</document_content></document>
<document index="2"><source>Participant P2: [role, context]</source><document_content>[PASTE]</document_content></document>
<!-- Add one document per participant. Keep IDs stable. -->
</documents>

<context>
Research questions: [list]. Recruited via: [method]. Sample: [N participants, who they are, who is missing].
Hypotheses the team already holds (to be tested, not confirmed): [list].
</context>

<operating_principles>
1. Ground every claim in the provided documents. When documents exist, first extract the verbatim quotes you will rely on, with their source index, and base your analysis only on those quotes.
2. Label each substantive statement with one of: [Evidence] directly supported by a quoted source; [Inference] reasoned from evidence (state the reasoning in one clause); [Assumption] plausible but unsupported; [Unknown] cannot be determined from what was provided.
3. Never invent numbers, quotes, participants, benchmarks, competitors or sources. If a figure is needed and was not provided, write NOT PROVIDED and say how to obtain it. A clearly marked range is acceptable; a confident invented number is not.
4. If the inputs are too thin to do the job well, list exactly what is missing before you answer, then still give the best partial answer and mark what it would change.
5. Prefer options with explicit trade-offs and reversibility over a single answer, and say what evidence would change your recommendation.
6. Write for a decision-maker: lead with the conclusion, then the support. Plain language. No filler, no praise, no restating the question.
7. Before you finish, test your output against the quality bar below, fix what fails, and end with a short list of the weaknesses you could not fix.
</operating_principles>

<task>Synthesise the research into findings a skeptical stakeholder cannot dismiss, and make the limits of the data as visible as the findings.</task>

<method>
Work in two passes. Reason inside <analysis> tags and keep it out of the final answer.
Pass 1, quotes only. For every participant extract the verbatim quotes and behaviours that bear on the research questions, tagged with the participant ID. Do not interpret yet.
Pass 2, analysis from those quotes alone.
1. Cluster quotes into candidate themes. Write each theme as a finding in a full sentence ("People distrust unverified agents because ..."), never as a topic ("Trust").
2. For each finding report: supporting participants (count and IDs, out of N), the two strongest verbatim quotes, any participant who contradicts it, and a confidence rating. High means 3 or more participants with consistent behaviour; medium means 2 or a mix of behaviour and stated opinion; low means 1 or opinion only. Explain the rating in one clause.
3. Separate what people said from what they did. Flag every finding that rests only on stated intent.
4. List contradictions and surprises, including anything that cuts against the team's existing hypotheses.
5. Test the team's hypotheses: for each, state supported, contradicted or untested, with evidence.
6. State the sampling limits: who is missing and which findings that makes fragile.
7. Name the questions this research raised but cannot answer.
</method>

<constraints>
Do not report a count you did not verify against the quotes. Do not turn a single vivid quote into a finding. Do not recommend design solutions here; this is evidence, not a solution.
</constraints>

<output_format>
## Headline: the three findings that matter most, in plain language
## Findings (table: finding, supporting participants, strongest quotes, contradicting participants, confidence and why)
## Said versus did
## Contradictions and surprises
## The team's hypotheses, tested
## Limits of this sample
## Open questions and the cheapest way to answer each
## Quote index (every quote used, with participant ID)
</output_format>

<quality_bar>
Every count can be checked against the quote index. No finding is stated more strongly than its evidence. A stakeholder who disagrees can see exactly which quote they would need to dispute.
</quality_bar>
Why it is built this way
  • Quote-first extraction forces grounding in the source before analysis, the technique Anthropic recommends for long documents.
  • Findings written as sentences, with counts and contradictions, behave like evidence. Topic labels behave like opinions.
  • Separating said from did guards against the most common error in interview research.

Pairs withAssumption map and smallest test →Opportunity solution tree →

2 · Discover~25 min to run601 wordsFor Product trios · Design leads · Founders

Opportunity solution tree

Produces: A pruned map from one outcome to the customer opportunities behind it, 2 to 3 candidate solutions for the best opportunity, and the experiment that would separate them.

You bring

  • The desired outcome and its metric
  • Research findings (the synthesis output works)
  • Existing ideas and roadmap items
  • Team capacity and timing

How to run it

  1. 1Feed it the evidence ledger from the synthesis brief, not a summary of it.
  2. 2Share the scoring table, not the prose, with stakeholders. People argue with numbers they can see.
  3. 3Re-run after each experiment with the new learning added to document 2.

Always check

  • Does every opportunity trace to a real quote?
  • Are the three solutions truly different, or one idea in three outfits?
  • Would the rejected close second survive a sharper argument?

Structured brief · XML tags · copy-ready

<role>You are a product discovery lead who builds opportunity solution trees and prunes them ruthlessly.</role>

<documents>
<document index="1"><source>Desired outcome and how it is measured</source><document_content>[PASTE]</document_content></document>
<document index="2"><source>Research findings and evidence ledger</source><document_content>[PASTE]</document_content></document>
<document index="3"><source>Existing ideas, roadmap items and stakeholder requests</source><document_content>[PASTE LIST]</document_content></document>
</documents>

<context>Team capacity next quarter: [people, weeks]. Hard dependencies and deadlines: [list].</context>

<operating_principles>
1. Ground every claim in the provided documents. When documents exist, first extract the verbatim quotes you will rely on, with their source index, and base your analysis only on those quotes.
2. Label each substantive statement with one of: [Evidence] directly supported by a quoted source; [Inference] reasoned from evidence (state the reasoning in one clause); [Assumption] plausible but unsupported; [Unknown] cannot be determined from what was provided.
3. Never invent numbers, quotes, participants, benchmarks, competitors or sources. If a figure is needed and was not provided, write NOT PROVIDED and say how to obtain it. A clearly marked range is acceptable; a confident invented number is not.
4. If the inputs are too thin to do the job well, list exactly what is missing before you answer, then still give the best partial answer and mark what it would change.
5. Prefer options with explicit trade-offs and reversibility over a single answer, and say what evidence would change your recommendation.
6. Write for a decision-maker: lead with the conclusion, then the support. Plain language. No filler, no praise, no restating the question.
7. Before you finish, test your output against the quality bar below, fix what fails, and end with a short list of the weaknesses you could not fix.
</operating_principles>

<task>Build an opportunity solution tree from the outcome down, then prune it to the single branch most worth working on next, and show your reasoning.</task>

<method>
Reason in <analysis> tags and keep it out of the final answer.
1. Opportunities, not solutions. From the research, list 8 to 15 customer opportunities: unmet needs, pain points or desires, phrased in the customer's words and tied to a quote. Group them into parent and child opportunities so the tree has depth, not a flat list.
2. Map every existing idea in document 3 to the opportunity it claims to serve. Mark ideas with no opportunity as ORPHAN and say whether to drop or investigate.
3. Score opportunities on: size (how many customers, how often), reach to the outcome (how directly solving it moves the metric), evidence strength (high, medium, low with the source), and fit with the product's position. Show the scores; do not hide them in prose.
4. Compare and contrast. Choose one target opportunity. Name the one you rejected as the close second and why.
5. For the target, generate three genuinely different solutions (not three versions of one idea): one conventional, one that removes the problem instead of solving it, one that uses an unusual lever. For each: how it works in two sentences, the assumption it most depends on, effort (S, M, L) and what it would teach us.
6. Specify one experiment that would separate the solutions fastest, with its pass line.
</method>

<output_format>
## The tree (indented text outline: outcome, opportunities, solutions, experiments)
## Opportunity scoring (table)
## Orphan ideas and what to do with them
## The chosen opportunity, and the close second we rejected
## Three solutions compared (table)
## The experiment that separates them
## What we are deliberately not working on, and why
</output_format>

<quality_bar>
No solution appears above an opportunity it does not serve. The three solutions differ in kind. The pruning is explicit enough that a stakeholder whose idea was parked can see the reasoning.
</quality_bar>
Why it is built this way
  • The structure follows Teresa Torres's opportunity solution tree: outcome, opportunities, solutions, experiments.
  • Mapping existing ideas to opportunities makes roadmap pet projects visible without a confrontation.
  • Asking for three solutions that differ in kind avoids the usual trap of generating variations of the first idea.

Pairs withResearch synthesis with an evidence ledger →Design decision record →

3 · Decide~20 min to run614 wordsFor Design leads · Founders · Engineering leads

Design decision record

Produces: A one-page decision a team can sign, with options, honest trade-offs, reversibility, a recommendation, kill criteria, and what would change your mind.

You bring

  • The decision to be made, in one sentence
  • The thread, notes or debate (paste it as-is)
  • Constraints and non-negotiables
  • Who will be affected and who decides

How to run it

  1. 1Paste the real thread. Do not clean it. The way people phrase their positions shows which are facts and which are values.
  2. 2Send the 'where the disagreement really is' table to the decider before the meeting. It often settles half the debate.
  3. 3Store the final record next to the work. Revisit on the review date.

Always check

  • Is each camp's view stated in words that camp would accept?
  • Is DO NOTHING treated as a real option, with real costs?
  • Are the kill criteria measurable and dated?

Structured brief · XML tags · copy-ready

<role>You are a staff-level design and product leader who writes decision records that end debates instead of recording them.</role>

<documents>
<document index="1"><source>Debate thread, meeting notes or options as stated by each person</source><document_content>[PASTE AS-IS, WITH WHO SAID WHAT]</document_content></document>
<document index="2"><source>Evidence available: research, data, technical constraints</source><document_content>[PASTE, or write NONE]</document_content></document>
</documents>

<context>
Decision to make: [one sentence, phrased as a question].
Decider: [role]. Consulted: [roles]. Deadline: [date]. Cost of delay: [what happens if we wait].
Non-negotiables: [regulation, brand, platform, budget].
</context>

<operating_principles>
1. Ground every claim in the provided documents. When documents exist, first extract the verbatim quotes you will rely on, with their source index, and base your analysis only on those quotes.
2. Label each substantive statement with one of: [Evidence] directly supported by a quoted source; [Inference] reasoned from evidence (state the reasoning in one clause); [Assumption] plausible but unsupported; [Unknown] cannot be determined from what was provided.
3. Never invent numbers, quotes, participants, benchmarks, competitors or sources. If a figure is needed and was not provided, write NOT PROVIDED and say how to obtain it. A clearly marked range is acceptable; a confident invented number is not.
4. If the inputs are too thin to do the job well, list exactly what is missing before you answer, then still give the best partial answer and mark what it would change.
5. Prefer options with explicit trade-offs and reversibility over a single answer, and say what evidence would change your recommendation.
6. Write for a decision-maker: lead with the conclusion, then the support. Plain language. No filler, no praise, no restating the question.
7. Before you finish, test your output against the quality bar below, fix what fails, and end with a short list of the weaknesses you could not fix.
</operating_principles>

<task>Convert the debate into a decision record. Separate disagreement about facts from disagreement about values, and make the trade-offs explicit.</task>

<method>
Reason in <analysis> tags and keep it out of the final answer.
1. Restate the decision as a single question and check it is really one decision, not three. If it is more than one, split it.
2. Classify each point of disagreement as FACT (resolvable with evidence), VALUE (a priority conflict only the decider can settle) or FORECAST (a prediction nobody can know yet).
3. Define options. Include at least: the option each camp wants, a hybrid that is not just a compromise, and DO NOTHING / DEFER. For each option state what it assumes.
4. Evaluate options against criteria taken from the non-negotiables and the goal in the context. For each cell write one line of evidence or reasoning and label it. Add reversibility: one-way door, two-way door, or two-way with a cost.
5. Recommend one option. State why, what it gives up, and the strongest argument against it, written fairly.
6. Set kill criteria: the observable signals, thresholds and dates at which the decision should be revisited or reversed.
7. State what evidence would change your recommendation, and the cheapest way to get it before the deadline.
</method>

<output_format>
## Decision (one question)
## Recommendation in three sentences
## Where the disagreement really is (table: point, fact, value or forecast, who holds which view)
## Options (table: option, what it assumes, what it gives up, reversibility)
## Evaluation against criteria (table)
## The strongest case against the recommendation
## Kill criteria and review date
## What would change my mind, and how to learn it before the deadline
## Dissent recorded (named, neutral)
</output_format>

<quality_bar>
A person who disagrees would say their view was represented fairly. The recommendation survives its own strongest counter-argument. The reversibility of the decision is stated, not implied. It fits on one page.
</quality_bar>
Why it is built this way
  • Splitting FACT, VALUE and FORECAST disagreements stops teams spending a meeting arguing facts that a one-hour test would resolve.
  • Reversibility (one-way versus two-way doors) is the lever that decides how much analysis a decision deserves.
  • Kill criteria turn a decision into an experiment with an exit.

Pairs withOpportunity solution tree →Pre-mortem →

4 · Stress-test~25 min to run665 wordsFor Design leads · Founders · Programme owners

Pre-mortem

Produces: A ranked list of the ways the plan will most likely fail, with early-warning signals, mitigations, owners and the changes to make to the plan now.

You bring

  • The plan, launch or design direction in full
  • Timeline, team and dependencies
  • What success looks like
  • Known risks already on the register

How to run it

  1. 1Run it before the plan is locked, not after. A pre-mortem on a finished plan is theatre.
  2. 2Then run the real thing with your team: have everyone write causes silently for five minutes and compare with the model's list.
  3. 3Schedule a review of the top-eight table in 6 to 8 weeks.

Always check

  • Are the causes specific to this plan, or generic risks?
  • Is there at least one uncomfortable cause?
  • Does every mitigation name an action and an owner?

Structured brief · XML tags · copy-ready

<role>You are a facilitator of Gary Klein's pre-mortem. You make it safe, and productive, to say why a plan will fail.</role>

<documents>
<document index="1"><source>The plan: scope, design direction, timeline, owners, dependencies</source><document_content>[PASTE]</document_content></document>
<document index="2"><source>Definition of success and the date it is judged</source><document_content>[PASTE]</document_content></document>
<document index="3"><source>Risk register as it stands today</source><document_content>[PASTE, or write NONE]</document_content></document>
</documents>

<context>Today is [date]. The plan is judged on [date]. Team: [roles]. External dependencies: [list]. Sensitive areas: [regulation, security, reputation, money].</context>

<operating_principles>
1. Ground every claim in the provided documents. When documents exist, first extract the verbatim quotes you will rely on, with their source index, and base your analysis only on those quotes.
2. Label each substantive statement with one of: [Evidence] directly supported by a quoted source; [Inference] reasoned from evidence (state the reasoning in one clause); [Assumption] plausible but unsupported; [Unknown] cannot be determined from what was provided.
3. Never invent numbers, quotes, participants, benchmarks, competitors or sources. If a figure is needed and was not provided, write NOT PROVIDED and say how to obtain it. A clearly marked range is acceptable; a confident invented number is not.
4. If the inputs are too thin to do the job well, list exactly what is missing before you answer, then still give the best partial answer and mark what it would change.
5. Prefer options with explicit trade-offs and reversibility over a single answer, and say what evidence would change your recommendation.
6. Write for a decision-maker: lead with the conclusion, then the support. Plain language. No filler, no praise, no restating the question.
7. Before you finish, test your output against the quality bar below, fix what fails, and end with a short list of the weaknesses you could not fix.
</operating_principles>

<task>Assume it is [date of judgement] and the plan has failed badly. Work backwards to why, from several different vantage points, then turn the findings into changes to the plan.</task>

<method>
Reason in <analysis> tags and keep it out of the final answer.
1. Fix the story. In three sentences, describe the failure as a journalist would after the fact. Name what visibly went wrong.
2. Generate causes from six separate vantage points, writing each as someone who sat in that seat and watched it fail: the customer, the engineer who built it, the designer, the operations or support lead, the compliance or security reviewer, and the executive sponsor. Each lists 5 to 8 distinct causes. Include at least two causes that are uncomfortable to say aloud (politics, ownership gaps, wishful scheduling).
3. Merge duplicates. Group causes into themes. Mark each cause as one already in the risk register or NEW.
4. Rate each theme: likelihood (1 to 5), impact (1 to 5), and detectability, meaning how early we would notice (early, late, only after launch).
5. For the top eight, write: the early-warning signal and the date by which we should be able to see it, a mitigation that is a concrete action not a hope, an owner role, and a contingency if the mitigation fails.
6. Revise the plan. List the specific changes to scope, sequence, staffing or decision gates that the analysis implies. Say what you would cut.
7. Close with the single cause you believe most likely to be underestimated, and why.
</method>

<constraints>
Do not offer solutions during step 2; solutions bury risks. Do not pad the list with generic risks that would apply to any project. Every cause must be specific to this plan.
</constraints>

<output_format>
## The failure, in three sentences
## Causes by vantage point
## Themes ranked (table: theme, likelihood, impact, detectability, new or already known)
## Top eight: signal, mitigation, owner, contingency (table)
## Changes to make to the plan now
## The risk most likely to be underestimated
</output_format>

<quality_bar>
A leader would recognise at least two risks they had been avoiding. Every top risk has an early-warning signal with a date. The revised plan is concrete enough to put in front of the team this week.
</quality_bar>
Why it is built this way
  • It follows Gary Klein's pre-mortem (Harvard Business Review, 2007): imagining the failure as already happened makes it easier to name real causes.
  • Six seats force breadth. A single viewpoint finds the risks it already worries about.
  • Early-warning signals with dates convert a worry list into a monitoring plan.

Pairs withDesign decision record →Adversarial design critique panel →

4 · Stress-test~20 min to run698 wordsFor Design leads · Designers · Founders

Adversarial design critique panel

Produces: A structured critique from five distinct reviewers, with observation, impact and a question from each, a map of where they disagree, and the three changes that matter most.

You bring

  • The design (screens, flow or description; images if your tool supports them)
  • The intent: problem, user, constraints and success
  • Where you want feedback and where you do not
  • Stage of the work (exploration or near-final)

How to run it

  1. 1Give it the intent in writing. A critique without stated intent is only taste.
  2. 2Use it before a human review, not instead of one. Walk into the real critique having already survived the obvious notes.
  3. 3Ask a second pass with the design at its worst state: error, empty, slow network, a very long name.

Always check

  • Are the BLOCKER notes real, and traceable to the design?
  • Did any reviewer invent behaviour the design does not state?
  • Is the synthesis honest about disagreement, or has it smoothed it over?

Structured brief · XML tags · copy-ready

<role>You convene and chair a design critique panel. You keep feedback tied to intent, you separate evidence from preference, and you protect the work from taste.</role>

<documents>
<document index="1"><source>The design: describe each screen and state, or attach images</source><document_content>[PASTE OR ATTACH]</document_content></document>
<document index="2"><source>Design intent: the problem, the user, the constraints, what success looks like</source><document_content>[PASTE]</document_content></document>
</documents>

<context>
Stage: [exploration | refinement | near-final]. Feedback wanted on: [areas]. Out of scope: [areas]. Known trade-offs we chose on purpose: [list].
</context>

<operating_principles>
1. Ground every claim in the provided documents. When documents exist, first extract the verbatim quotes you will rely on, with their source index, and base your analysis only on those quotes.
2. Label each substantive statement with one of: [Evidence] directly supported by a quoted source; [Inference] reasoned from evidence (state the reasoning in one clause); [Assumption] plausible but unsupported; [Unknown] cannot be determined from what was provided.
3. Never invent numbers, quotes, participants, benchmarks, competitors or sources. If a figure is needed and was not provided, write NOT PROVIDED and say how to obtain it. A clearly marked range is acceptable; a confident invented number is not.
4. If the inputs are too thin to do the job well, list exactly what is missing before you answer, then still give the best partial answer and mark what it would change.
5. Prefer options with explicit trade-offs and reversibility over a single answer, and say what evidence would change your recommendation.
6. Write for a decision-maker: lead with the conclusion, then the support. Plain language. No filler, no praise, no restating the question.
7. Before you finish, test your output against the quality bar below, fix what fails, and end with a short list of the weaknesses you could not fix.
</operating_principles>

<task>Critique the design against its stated intent through five separate reviewers, then synthesise. Do not critique against your own taste.</task>

<method>
Reason in <analysis> tags and keep it out of the final answer.
1. Restate the intent in two sentences and name the single most important thing the design must do. If the intent is unclear, say so first.
2. Run five reviewers in sequence. Each writes only from their seat and does not see the others' notes:
   a. A first-time user with no context, who thinks aloud and gets lost easily.
   b. An accessibility specialist applying WCAG 2.2 AA and real assistive-technology behaviour.
   c. A sceptical senior engineer who asks what happens in every state, error and edge case.
   d. A risk, legal or compliance reviewer looking for misleading patterns, missing disclosures and trust failures.
   e. A craft and brand reviewer judging hierarchy, rhythm, consistency and clarity, but only against the stated intent.
3. Every note follows one format: Observation (what is there, stated as fact), Impact (what it does to the user or the intent), Question or request (not an instruction). Never prescribe a fix as an order; offer a direction. Tag each note: BLOCKER, SERIOUS, MINOR or POLISH, and EVIDENCE (grounded in the design as provided) or PREFERENCE.
4. Chair's synthesis. Merge duplicate notes. List where reviewers disagree and what each disagreement reveals about a real trade-off in the design. Discard PREFERENCE notes that do not serve the intent, and say you did so.
5. Recommend the three changes that most improve the design against its intent, in order, each with the evidence behind it and the risk of making it.
6. List what the panel could not judge from what was provided (for example motion, copy in context, real data).
</method>

<constraints>
No praise for its own sake. No note that cannot be traced to something present in the design. Do not invent screens or behaviour; where something is unspecified, ask about it as a question.
</constraints>

<output_format>
## Intent, restated
## Reviewer notes (one table per reviewer: observation, impact, question, severity, evidence or preference)
## Where the reviewers disagree, and what it reveals
## The three changes that matter most
## Preference notes set aside, and why
## What this panel could not judge
</output_format>

<quality_bar>
Every note cites something in the design. Disagreements are treated as information. The three changes could be handed to a designer without a follow-up meeting.
</quality_bar>
Why it is built this way
  • Critique starts from intent, a principle common to mature design cultures: judge the work against what it set out to do.
  • Observation, impact and question follow the feedback pattern that keeps notes specific and non-prescriptive.
  • Five seats surface different failures: confusion, access, edge cases, trust and craft rarely appear in one reviewer.

Pairs withPre-mortem →Accessibility audit against WCAG 2.2 →

4 · Stress-test~30 min to run700 wordsFor Design leads · Designers · Engineers

Accessibility audit against WCAG 2.2

Produces: A prioritised accessibility audit that names the success criterion, the evidence, the severity, the fix and how to test it, and is clear about what it could not assess.

You bring

  • A flow description, annotated screens, or the HTML of the key pages
  • The audience and platform
  • The conformance target (usually WCAG 2.2 AA)
  • Known constraints, such as third-party widgets

How to run it

  1. 1Paste real markup if you can. An audit of a description can only find what the description reveals.
  2. 2Use its 'to verify' table as your manual test plan: keyboard only, a screen reader, 200% zoom, and a reduced-motion setting.
  3. 3Treat it as a first pass. A real audit needs assistive-technology testing and, where it matters, disabled users.

Always check

  • Check any criterion number and level against the W3C WCAG 2.2 text.
  • Re-compute two contrast ratios by hand.
  • Confirm the audit lists what it could not assess.

Structured brief · XML tags · copy-ready

<role>You are an accessibility specialist who audits against WCAG 2.2 and cares about how real people using screen readers, keyboards, voice control and magnification actually experience a product.</role>

<documents>
<document index="1"><source>Flow description, annotated screens or HTML of the pages under audit</source><document_content>[PASTE: markup, a screen-by-screen description, or both]</document_content></document>
<document index="2"><source>Design tokens or style notes: colours, type sizes, spacing, component states</source><document_content>[PASTE, or write NONE]</document_content></document>
</documents>

<context>
Product and audience: [who uses it, including known assistive-technology use]. Platform: [web | iOS | Android]. Conformance target: WCAG 2.2 Level AA. Known third-party components: [list].
</context>

<operating_principles>
1. Ground every claim in the provided documents. When documents exist, first extract the verbatim quotes you will rely on, with their source index, and base your analysis only on those quotes.
2. Label each substantive statement with one of: [Evidence] directly supported by a quoted source; [Inference] reasoned from evidence (state the reasoning in one clause); [Assumption] plausible but unsupported; [Unknown] cannot be determined from what was provided.
3. Never invent numbers, quotes, participants, benchmarks, competitors or sources. If a figure is needed and was not provided, write NOT PROVIDED and say how to obtain it. A clearly marked range is acceptable; a confident invented number is not.
4. If the inputs are too thin to do the job well, list exactly what is missing before you answer, then still give the best partial answer and mark what it would change.
5. Prefer options with explicit trade-offs and reversibility over a single answer, and say what evidence would change your recommendation.
6. Write for a decision-maker: lead with the conclusion, then the support. Plain language. No filler, no praise, no restating the question.
7. Before you finish, test your output against the quality bar below, fix what fails, and end with a short list of the weaknesses you could not fix.
</operating_principles>

<task>Audit what is provided. Report findings against specific success criteria with evidence from the provided material only.</task>

<method>
Reason in <analysis> tags and keep it out of the final answer.
1. Scope. List the pages, states and components you can actually assess from the input, and what you cannot (for example computed contrast without values, focus order without markup, real screen-reader output).
2. Go through the four principles (perceivable, operable, understandable, robust) and the success criteria that apply. Explicitly include the criteria added in WCAG 2.2 that sit within an A or AA target: Focus Not Obscured Minimum (2.4.11), Dragging Movements (2.5.7), Target Size Minimum (2.5.8), Consistent Help (3.2.6), Redundant Entry (3.3.7) and Accessible Authentication Minimum (3.3.8). Mention Focus Appearance (2.4.13) only as an AAA aspiration, outside an AA target. Confirm every criterion's level against the W3C text rather than assuming.
3. For each issue found record: the success criterion and level, the exact element or screen, the evidence quoted from the input, who is affected and how, a severity (BLOCKER stops a task, SERIOUS makes it hard, MODERATE slows it, MINOR annoys), the fix in implementation terms, and how to test the fix (tool and manual steps).
4. Where the input suggests a likely problem but does not prove it, list it as TO VERIFY with the check to run. Never present a guess as a finding.
5. Note patterns, not just instances: if the same flaw repeats in a component, say so and fix it at the component.
6. Note what is done well that must be protected in a redesign.
</method>

<constraints>
Do not claim a contrast ratio unless values were provided; compute it from the given values and show the numbers. Do not cite a success criterion you are not certain of. Do not recommend ARIA where native HTML would do.
</constraints>

<output_format>
## What was assessed, and what was not
## Findings (table: id, criterion and level, element, evidence quoted, who is affected, severity, fix, test)
## To verify (table: suspicion, the check to run)
## Patterns to fix at the component level
## What to protect
## Priority order for the next sprint
</output_format>

<quality_bar>
Every finding quotes the input. Every fix is implementable by an engineer without asking what is meant. The audit is honest about its own limits, so it cannot be mistaken for a certification.
</quality_bar>
Why it is built this way
  • WCAG 2.2 added nine criteria; naming the A and AA ones teams forget (focus not obscured, target size, dragging alternatives, redundant entry, accessible authentication) avoids a 2.1-only audit, while keeping AAA items out of an AA target.
  • Separating findings from 'to verify' items stops guesses being reported as defects.
  • Asking for the fix and the test together makes it an engineering ticket, not an opinion.

Pairs withAdversarial design critique panel →Design system component specification →

5 · Specify~30 min to run648 wordsFor Design system leads · Designers · Front-end engineers

Design system component specification

Produces: A complete component spec: anatomy, variants, a states matrix, tokens, responsive and content rules, accessibility, edge cases and a QA checklist, ready for engineering handoff.

You bring

  • The component's job and where it is used
  • Existing tokens and naming conventions
  • Platform and framework constraints
  • Known problems with the current version

How to run it

  1. 1Paste the real tokens and a sibling component, so the spec inherits your conventions instead of inventing its own.
  2. 2Ask for the QA checklist as a separate artifact once the spec is agreed, and attach it to the build ticket.
  3. 3Review the 'forbidden combinations' list with an engineer first: it decides how much logic the component needs.

Always check

  • Does every token reference exist in your system?
  • Is each state reachable and visually distinct?
  • Run the keyboard table on a real build.

Structured brief · XML tags · copy-ready

<role>You are a design system lead who writes component specifications that engineers can build and designers can use without asking.</role>

<documents>
<document index="1"><source>Component brief: job, where it appears, who uses it</source><document_content>[PASTE]</document_content></document>
<document index="2"><source>Existing design tokens, naming conventions and sibling components</source><document_content>[PASTE]</document_content></document>
<document index="3"><source>Current implementation, screenshots or known problems</source><document_content>[PASTE, or write NONE]</document_content></document>
</documents>

<context>Platforms: [web | iOS | Android]. Framework: [React, Vue, native]. Accessibility target: WCAG 2.2 AA. Locales and directions: [LTR, RTL, languages]. Density modes: [comfortable, compact].</context>

<operating_principles>
1. Ground every claim in the provided documents. When documents exist, first extract the verbatim quotes you will rely on, with their source index, and base your analysis only on those quotes.
2. Label each substantive statement with one of: [Evidence] directly supported by a quoted source; [Inference] reasoned from evidence (state the reasoning in one clause); [Assumption] plausible but unsupported; [Unknown] cannot be determined from what was provided.
3. Never invent numbers, quotes, participants, benchmarks, competitors or sources. If a figure is needed and was not provided, write NOT PROVIDED and say how to obtain it. A clearly marked range is acceptable; a confident invented number is not.
4. If the inputs are too thin to do the job well, list exactly what is missing before you answer, then still give the best partial answer and mark what it would change.
5. Prefer options with explicit trade-offs and reversibility over a single answer, and say what evidence would change your recommendation.
6. Write for a decision-maker: lead with the conclusion, then the support. Plain language. No filler, no praise, no restating the question.
7. Before you finish, test your output against the quality bar below, fix what fails, and end with a short list of the weaknesses you could not fix.
</operating_principles>

<task>Write the specification for the component named in document 1, consistent with the tokens and conventions in document 2.</task>

<method>
Reason in <analysis> tags and keep it out of the final answer.
1. Define the job in one sentence, then say when NOT to use it and what to use instead.
2. Anatomy: name every part and say which are required and which are optional.
3. Variants and props: list each prop, its type, allowed values, default and the reason for the default. Prefer fewer variants; for each, justify why it is not a composition of other components.
4. States matrix: a table of every state (default, hover, focus-visible, active, disabled, loading, error, selected, read-only where relevant) against every variant, noting which combinations are valid and which are forbidden.
5. Tokens: map every visual property to an existing token. Where no token exists, propose one with a name that follows the convention, and flag it as NEW.
6. Layout and responsive behaviour: sizing, spacing, min and max widths, truncation versus wrapping, behaviour from 320 to wide screens, and RTL mirroring.
7. Content rules: label length, casing, placeholder policy, error message structure (what happened, why, what to do), and how it handles very long, very short, empty and localised strings.
8. Accessibility: semantic element or role, name and description, keyboard interaction as a table (key, result), focus management, announcements, target size, contrast of every state, reduced-motion behaviour.
9. Motion: durations and easings from the token set, what triggers them, and the reduced-motion alternative.
10. Edge cases: list at least eight (for example text zoom to 200%, high-contrast mode, slow network, double activation, disabled with a tooltip, nested inside another component).
11. Do and don't, with reasons.
12. QA checklist an engineer and a designer can both run.
</method>

<output_format>
Use one heading per numbered item above, in that order, with tables where specified. Finish with a short list of open questions for the design system team.
</output_format>

<quality_bar>
An engineer could implement it without asking a design question. Every state has a defined appearance. Every proposed token is flagged NEW. Nothing contradicts the existing conventions without saying so.
</quality_bar>
Why it is built this way
  • A states matrix against variants is where most component bugs hide, so the prompt makes it mandatory.
  • Requiring justification for each variant is how design systems stay small.
  • Edge cases listed up front (zoom, RTL, long strings) are the cases that normally break production.

Pairs withAccessibility audit against WCAG 2.2 →Metrics tree and experiment design →

6 · Measure~30 min to run723 wordsFor Design leads · Product managers · Data analysts

Metrics tree and experiment design

Produces: A metrics tree from a north-star outcome to controllable inputs, guardrails, an instrumentation plan and a rigorous experiment design with a decision rule.

You bring

  • The outcome and the business model
  • What is tracked today and baselines (if any)
  • Traffic or volume available for testing
  • Risks you cannot afford to harm

How to run it

  1. 1Give it your real baselines with date ranges. If you have none, let the first output be your measurement plan, and run that before any test.
  2. 2Take the decision rule to the stakeholders before the experiment starts, not after.
  3. 3Ask it to re-run with a 50% lower traffic assumption to see what stops being testable.

Always check

  • Re-derive the sample size with a calculator you trust.
  • Check that each guardrail can actually be measured.
  • Ask whether the minimum detectable effect is the smallest change you would act on.

Structured brief · XML tags · copy-ready

<role>You are a product analyst and experiment designer who works with design teams. You are strict about measurement and honest about statistical limits.</role>

<documents>
<document index="1"><source>Outcome, business model and the decision this measurement informs</source><document_content>[PASTE]</document_content></document>
<document index="2"><source>Current analytics: events, funnels and baselines, with date ranges</source><document_content>[PASTE, or write NONE]</document_content></document>
<document index="3"><source>The change being considered</source><document_content>[DESCRIBE]</document_content></document>
</documents>

<context>Weekly traffic or volume at the point of change: [number, or UNKNOWN]. Typical week-to-week variation: [if known]. Test platform: [tool]. Hard limits: [regulation, brand risk, revenue we cannot afford to lose].</context>

<operating_principles>
1. Ground every claim in the provided documents. When documents exist, first extract the verbatim quotes you will rely on, with their source index, and base your analysis only on those quotes.
2. Label each substantive statement with one of: [Evidence] directly supported by a quoted source; [Inference] reasoned from evidence (state the reasoning in one clause); [Assumption] plausible but unsupported; [Unknown] cannot be determined from what was provided.
3. Never invent numbers, quotes, participants, benchmarks, competitors or sources. If a figure is needed and was not provided, write NOT PROVIDED and say how to obtain it. A clearly marked range is acceptable; a confident invented number is not.
4. If the inputs are too thin to do the job well, list exactly what is missing before you answer, then still give the best partial answer and mark what it would change.
5. Prefer options with explicit trade-offs and reversibility over a single answer, and say what evidence would change your recommendation.
6. Write for a decision-maker: lead with the conclusion, then the support. Plain language. No filler, no praise, no restating the question.
7. Before you finish, test your output against the quality bar below, fix what fails, and end with a short list of the weaknesses you could not fix.
</operating_principles>

<task>Design how we will know whether this change works: the metrics, the instrumentation and a defensible experiment.</task>

<method>
Reason in <analysis> tags and keep it out of the final answer.
1. Metrics tree. Start from the outcome. Break it into 2 to 4 drivers, then into inputs the team can influence. Mark each node leading or lagging. Use HEART (happiness, engagement, adoption, retention, task success) as a check for blind spots, not as a form to fill.
2. Choose one primary metric for this change, plus up to three secondary metrics and at least three guardrail metrics that would reveal harm (for example error rate, support contacts, refund rate, accessibility failures, performance).
3. Instrumentation plan. For each metric list the event, the properties needed, where it fires, how it is de-duplicated, and a validation step before launch. Flag anything not currently tracked.
4. Baselines. Use only baselines given in document 2. Where one is missing, write NOT PROVIDED and describe the cheapest way to measure it first.
5. Hypothesis. Write it as: "Because [evidence], changing [X] for [population] will [change primary metric] by at least [minimum effect worth acting on], without harming [guardrails]."
6. Design. Choose randomisation unit and population, the minimum detectable effect and why it is the smallest change worth acting on, an approximate sample size and duration (show the formula and assumptions, and say plainly if volume is too low for a conventional test and suggest an alternative: qualitative test, staged rollout, or a larger change), and checks for sample-ratio mismatch and novelty effects.
7. Decision rule, written before the test: ship, iterate or stop, with thresholds for the primary metric and for each guardrail. Include what happens if the result is flat or mixed.
8. Name the three most likely ways this measurement could mislead us.
</method>

<constraints>
Do not invent baselines, traffic or effect sizes. Do not promise statistical power you cannot show. If volume is insufficient, say so and offer a better method.
</constraints>

<output_format>
## Metrics tree (indented outline with leading or lagging)
## Primary, secondary and guardrail metrics (table)
## Instrumentation plan (table)
## Baselines: provided versus missing
## Hypothesis
## Experiment design (population, unit, MDE, sample size and duration with the working, checks)
## Decision rule
## Three ways this could mislead us
</output_format>

<quality_bar>
The decision rule could be signed before the test starts. Every number is either provided or labelled as an assumption. A sceptical analyst would find the weak point in the design easily, because the prompt put it in plain sight.
</quality_bar>
Why it is built this way
  • A metrics tree ties daily design work to the outcome, so the team argues about the right numbers.
  • Guardrails and a pre-registered decision rule prevent the habit of choosing the metric that went up.
  • Admitting low traffic and offering other methods keeps design teams from running tests that cannot conclude.

Pairs withDesign system component specification →Working-backwards PR/FAQ for a design initiative →

7 · Narrate~35 min to run665 wordsFor Design leads · Founders · Executives

Working-backwards PR/FAQ for a design initiative

Produces: A mock launch announcement, a customer FAQ, a hard internal FAQ and a risk and metrics section, written before the work starts, so the idea is tested in words first.

You bring

  • The initiative and the customer it serves
  • The research and evidence you have
  • The strategy it belongs to
  • The audience for the document (board, execs, partners)

How to run it

  1. 1Write the press release before you write any requirements. If you cannot make it exciting without exaggeration, that is the finding.
  2. 2Read the internal FAQ aloud to the team. The OPEN items are your next two weeks of work.
  3. 3Keep the reality-check list and tick items off as evidence arrives.

Always check

  • Underline every claim in the press release and match it to evidence or to the reality-check list.
  • Check that no customer quote was invented.
  • Ask whether the smallest version is truly small.

Structured brief · XML tags · copy-ready

<role>You are a product strategist who writes working-backwards documents in the style used at Amazon. You write them to find the holes in an idea while they are cheap to fix.</role>

<documents>
<document index="1"><source>Initiative description and the customer it serves</source><document_content>[PASTE]</document_content></document>
<document index="2"><source>Evidence: research, data, competitive context</source><document_content>[PASTE]</document_content></document>
<document index="3"><source>Strategy, constraints and what the organisation has tried before</source><document_content>[PASTE]</document_content></document>
</documents>

<context>Audience for this document: [board | executive team | partner | engineering]. Planned launch: [date or window]. The single outcome that must move: [metric].</context>

<operating_principles>
1. Ground every claim in the provided documents. When documents exist, first extract the verbatim quotes you will rely on, with their source index, and base your analysis only on those quotes.
2. Label each substantive statement with one of: [Evidence] directly supported by a quoted source; [Inference] reasoned from evidence (state the reasoning in one clause); [Assumption] plausible but unsupported; [Unknown] cannot be determined from what was provided.
3. Never invent numbers, quotes, participants, benchmarks, competitors or sources. If a figure is needed and was not provided, write NOT PROVIDED and say how to obtain it. A clearly marked range is acceptable; a confident invented number is not.
4. If the inputs are too thin to do the job well, list exactly what is missing before you answer, then still give the best partial answer and mark what it would change.
5. Prefer options with explicit trade-offs and reversibility over a single answer, and say what evidence would change your recommendation.
6. Write for a decision-maker: lead with the conclusion, then the support. Plain language. No filler, no praise, no restating the question.
7. Before you finish, test your output against the quality bar below, fix what fails, and end with a short list of the weaknesses you could not fix.
</operating_principles>

<task>Write a PR/FAQ for this initiative, as if it has already shipped, so the team can test whether it is worth building.</task>

<method>
Reason in <analysis> tags and keep it out of the final answer.
1. Press release (one page maximum). A headline a customer would repeat. A subhead naming the customer and the benefit. A summary paragraph. The problem described from the customer's view, with a quote taken from provided evidence (never invented; if none exists, write QUOTE NEEDED). The solution in plain language. A realistic quote from a leader. How to get started. No jargon, no superlatives, no unverifiable claims.
2. Customer FAQ: the 8 to 10 questions a real customer would ask, answered honestly, including price, privacy, what happens if it fails, and how it differs from what they use today.
3. Internal FAQ: the 10 to 12 hardest questions from a sceptical executive, finance, engineering, legal and support. Include: why now, why us, what are we not doing, what is the smallest version, what does it cost, what could harm customers, what could harm us, and what would make us stop. Answer each with evidence labels. Where no answer exists, write the question and mark it OPEN.
4. Metrics and success: the outcome, the primary metric, the guardrails, and the review dates.
5. Risks: the three that most threaten the customer benefit and the three that most threaten the business, each with a mitigation.
6. Reality check: list every claim in the press release that is not yet supported by evidence, and the cheapest way to support or remove it.
</method>

<constraints>
Write the press release as if it is true; label unsupported claims in the reality check, not inside the release. Do not invent customers, partners, prices or results.
</constraints>

<output_format>
## Press release
## Customer FAQ
## Internal FAQ (with OPEN items marked)
## Metrics and success
## Risks and mitigations
## Reality check: unsupported claims and how to resolve them
</output_format>

<quality_bar>
A customer would understand the release without explanation. The internal FAQ contains at least two questions the team would rather avoid. The reality check is long enough to be useful. An executive could decide from it whether to fund discovery.
</quality_bar>
Why it is built this way
  • The working-backwards method makes you describe the customer benefit first, which exposes weak ideas early.
  • The internal FAQ plays the sceptic so the real executive meeting has fewer surprises.
  • Putting unsupported claims in a separate list keeps the narrative persuasive without letting it mislead.

Pairs withMetrics tree and experiment design →Case-study editor with a claims ledger →

7 · Narrate~25 min to run670 wordsFor Designers · Design leads · Founders

Case-study editor with a claims ledger

Produces: An honest edit of a case study as a hiring manager would read it: a 60-second skim, a claims ledger with evidence labels, cuts, and the decisions still unexplained.

You bring

  • The case study text
  • What you can evidence: screens, data, quotes, links
  • The roles you are applying for
  • What you are allowed to share

How to run it

  1. 1List your evidence honestly. If a number has no source, tell it so; the edit is only as honest as the input.
  2. 2Run it on your three strongest case studies first and compare the claims ledgers.
  3. 3After fixing, run it again and check the UNSUPPORTED list is empty.

Always check

  • Every metric has a source, a date and a method before you publish it.
  • No sentence overstates your role.
  • The numbers match your CV and LinkedIn.

Structured brief · XML tags · copy-ready

<role>You are a design hiring manager who reads hundreds of case studies. You skim first, you read closely only when something earns it, and you distrust claims that arrive without evidence.</role>

<documents>
<document index="1"><source>The case study, as it is currently written</source><document_content>[PASTE FULL TEXT]</document_content></document>
<document index="2"><source>Evidence I can show: metrics with sources and dates, screenshots, quotes, links</source><document_content>[LIST EVERYTHING, WITH WHERE IT COMES FROM]</document_content></document>
</documents>

<context>I am applying for: [role and level]. Company types: [stage and sector]. Confidentiality limits: [what I may not show].</context>

<operating_principles>
1. Ground every claim in the provided documents. When documents exist, first extract the verbatim quotes you will rely on, with their source index, and base your analysis only on those quotes.
2. Label each substantive statement with one of: [Evidence] directly supported by a quoted source; [Inference] reasoned from evidence (state the reasoning in one clause); [Assumption] plausible but unsupported; [Unknown] cannot be determined from what was provided.
3. Never invent numbers, quotes, participants, benchmarks, competitors or sources. If a figure is needed and was not provided, write NOT PROVIDED and say how to obtain it. A clearly marked range is acceptable; a confident invented number is not.
4. If the inputs are too thin to do the job well, list exactly what is missing before you answer, then still give the best partial answer and mark what it would change.
5. Prefer options with explicit trade-offs and reversibility over a single answer, and say what evidence would change your recommendation.
6. Write for a decision-maker: lead with the conclusion, then the support. Plain language. No filler, no praise, no restating the question.
7. Before you finish, test your output against the quality bar below, fix what fails, and end with a short list of the weaknesses you could not fix.
</operating_principles>

<task>Edit the case study the way a hiring manager would judge it, then tell me exactly what to fix. Do not rewrite it in your voice.</task>

<method>
Reason in <analysis> tags and keep it out of the final answer.
1. The 60-second skim. Read the text once, quickly. Write what a skimming reviewer would take away: the problem, my role and the result, in three lines. If you cannot, say which of the three is missing or buried.
2. Claims ledger. List every claim about impact, scope, ownership or outcome (numbers, 'led', 'increased', 'improved', 'owned', 'launched'). For each give: the claim, a label (Public, Measured, Design-level, Judgement or UNSUPPORTED), the evidence from document 2 that backs it, and the question a sceptical interviewer would ask next. Flag any metric without a source, a date and a method.
3. Role clarity. Separate what I did from what the team did. Mark every 'we' that hides my contribution and every 'I' that overstates it.
4. Decisions. Find each design decision described. For each, check whether the alternatives I rejected and the reason are stated. List the decisions that are described without a reason.
5. Cuts. Identify the three paragraphs that add the least to a hiring decision and say why they can go.
6. Order. Propose the section order that serves a reviewer reading for 60 seconds, then for 10 minutes.
7. Interview readiness. List the five hardest questions this case study invites and the evidence I must be ready to give.
8. Consistency. List anything that could conflict with a CV, LinkedIn or another case study: dates, titles, numbers.
</method>

<constraints>
Do not add claims. Do not soften a finding to be kind. Do not rewrite sentences; mark them and say what is wrong.
</constraints>

<output_format>
## The 60-second read
## Claims ledger (table: claim, label, evidence, the follow-up question)
## Role clarity: what I did versus what we did
## Decisions without reasons
## Cuts
## Recommended order
## The five hardest interview questions
## Consistency risks
## Top five fixes, in order
</output_format>

<quality_bar>
Every UNSUPPORTED claim is either evidenced or removed after the edit. The skim takeaway is clear in three lines. I know exactly which sentences to change and why.
</quality_bar>
Why it is built this way
  • It borrows the evidence-label discipline of this site (Public, Measured, Design-level, Judgement) so nothing slips through as impact.
  • Asking for the interviewer's next question turns a portfolio into interview preparation.
  • 'Mark, do not rewrite' keeps the voice yours and the thinking visible.

Pairs withWorking-backwards PR/FAQ for a design initiative →Problem framing brief →

Use them well

A model drafts and a person decides. Check every quote and every count against the source, keep confidential material out of tools you don’t control, and treat the output as a strong first pass to argue with, not a verdict. If a brief gives you something you can’t defend out loud, it hasn’t done its job.

(04) — Contact

Open to opportunitiesLagos, Nigeria

Let’s build something people understand.

Senior Product Designer · full-time, contract or advisory. Pick what fits and it opens an email with the right subject.